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Rewriting the Narrative: Emerging Voices in Gender and Literature

— by Anna Hall In the ever-evolving landscape of literature, a chorus of new voices is rising, shattering the long-held narratives that have confined and constrained our understanding of gender. These are the trailblazers, the visionaries who wield the power of the written word to redefine the boundaries of identity and expression. “Literature adds to reality, it does not simply describe it. It enriches the necessary competencies that daily life requires and provides; and in this respect, it irrigates the deserts that our lives have already become.” – C.S. Lewis As society evolves so does literature and, as literature evolves, so does society. The two walk hand-in-hand into a future influenced by the realities and the imaginations of the people who constitute their existence. Within literature, gender remains an ever-evolving subject. The transition from stringent stereotypes that have maintained a strict gender binary—with women as caretakers, damsels in distress, or measured by higher moral standards and men as strong, heroic, and stoic—has given way to more fluid interpretations of gender. Non-binary representation, along with characters that break from traditional binary gender roles, has grown in prominence. Over time, the authors have continuously pushed society’s ideas of gender, breathing life into characters with nuanced voices amongst a sea of cookie-cutter male/female dynamics. Breaking Gender Norms in Sci-Fi and Fantasy  Over the years, Sci-Fi and Fantasy novels have enjoyed more freedom to break gender norms through more progressive and diverse gender representations (cite). This genre flexibility allows authors to imagine worlds that do not conform to traditional societal expectations. Becky Chambers, for example, uses the expansive possibility of science fiction to challenge conventional notions of gender in her Wayfarers series. Her characters span a broad spectrum of gender and sexual identities. Chambers creates species whose gender norms defy societal conventions, such as one that transitions biologically from female to male and ultimately allows individuals to choose their gender as they mature. She juxtaposes these characters with the human main character, Rosemary, who navigates her companion’s realities with curiosity and an open mind.  Tasha Suri’s The Burning Kingdom series takes a fantasy approach to gender subversion by placing women in traditionally male roles. Both main female characters are placed in conventional roles with non-traditional characteristics. Priya, a religious figurehead, is a caretaker whose compassion and strength shape her community. Malini, a political figurehead, is a ruthless and determined leader driving her forces to reclaim her kingdom with ferocity. Additionally, the series centers on a queer romance, defying heteronormative expectations often found in fantasy. Suri’s work illustrates how authors can use their imaginative settings to critique and dismantle patriarchal norms. Subverting Gender Norms in Literary Fiction While speculative fiction often receives attention for its gender-bending narratives, literary fiction also interrogates and redefines gender roles. Caleb Azumah Nelson’s debut novel, Open Waters follows the deeply introspective journey of a Black British man navigating grief, love, and personal growth. By centering a male protagonist who is vulnerable, reflective, and emotionally expressive, Nelson subverts the traditional stoic and emotionally repressed male stereotype. In the novel, the main character is not out to save a damsel in distress, but readers watch as he tries to save himself and grow from his circumstances and pain. Nana Kwame Adjei-Brenyah’s debut novel Chain-Gang All-Stars critiques systems of oppression, including those based on gender. By placing female characters in a position of power in a hyper-masculine world of death matches, Adjei-Brenyah interrogates how power dynamics shift when traditional gender dynamics are upended. Trailblazing Literary Figures: From Alice Walker to Today The contributions of contemporary authors build upon the foundation laid by literary pioneers like Alice Walker. In The Color Purple, Walker reimagines gender roles through characters like Celie. Celie evolves from a submissive wife and mother to a self-made businesswoman. She becomes the epitome of a self-made woman who builds a life for herself despite the role society places her in. Similarly, Shug Avery’s unapologetic embrace of her sexuality and independence defies traditional expectations of women during the time. These characters—and Walker’s broader body of work—paved the way for today’s authors to explore intersectionality, reject binary gender roles, and create more fluid, inclusive narratives. Looking Forward: Literature’s Gender Revolution As the literary landscape continues to evolve, more trailblazing voices are emerging to challenge traditional narratives around gender. Writers such as Becky Chambers, Tasha Suri, Caleb Azumah Nelson, and Nana Kwame Adjei-Brenyah represent just a handful of those contributing to this cultural shift. As the new year approaches, new authors will emerge to join the list of voices interrogating and reimagining gender norms, ensuring that the conversation remains dynamic, inclusive, and transformative

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The Changing Landscape of Human Rights in the Digital Age

— by Dorcas Kongwie In the ever-evolving digital landscape, the very foundations of human rights are being tested and transformed. Like a tightrope walker navigating the dizzying heights of technological progress, we find ourselves grappling with new challenges and unprecedented opportunities in the pursuit of a more just and equitable world. The Changing Landscape of Human Rights in the Digital Age Before the widespread accessibility of technology or anything digital, a lot of people had concerns about the impact it would have on humanity in the long run. While others embraced it, others vowed not to get involved or even use anything related to it with little knowledge that technology has come to stay and has become a part of our lives. Their anxiety is felt considering the pace at which technology is evolving-there are emerging ways of doing things every passing second. The only way out is to accept it and learn how to evolve with it. It is not wrong to say that technology has positively impacted lives, for instance, it has provided platforms for marginalized voices to share their experiences and mobilize support globally. Also, how would life have been after the Covid-19 pandemic that hit the globe in 2019 and 2020? Technology plays a huge role in our individual lives. On the other hand, it has its own downside. Imagine a world where your most personal thoughts, conversations, and moments are just a click away from being shared, analyzed, or manipulated, it has become a tool for control and surveillance, so it is a YinYang affair or maybe a double-edged sword. A Ray of Light With Digital Revolution Gone are the times when sharing a human rights violation meant hoping a journalist might listen or the newspaper publishes it. Now, a smartphone can broadcast injustice to millions in seconds. A single video can spark global movements, topple oppressive narratives, and create instant solidarity across continents. Take the Kenyan youth who took to the streets to protest against an unfair financial bill in June 2024, with the use of social media like X, millions of people supported that protest even without traveling to Kenya. Take the Arab Spring or global climate protests – these weren’t just movements, they were digital revolutions. Activists who once whispered now roar through social media, turning local struggles into international conversations When Your Data Becomes Their Weapon Despite the government and other countries buying into the technology, there is a question mark about the invisible watchers. Freedom comes with a price. Every tweet, every search, every digital footprint is potentially a piece of a massive surveillance puzzle. Governments and corporations have developed an almost omniscient ability to track, predict, and influence our behaviors. The Human Cost of Connection Who’s Really Writing Your Story? Fate, God, or yourself? Digital privacy has become an oxymoron, your data is never private when it is online. Our personal data is bought, sold, and traded like a commodity. Facial recognition, fingerprints, scents, predictive algorithms, and data mining have transformed human experiences into marketable insights. Take this instance where your medical history, political views, and personal preferences are just data points in a corporate database. Where an algorithm might decide your job prospects, creditworthiness, or social standing before you even get a chance to speak, you are privately judged and jailed before you even speak to defend yourself. The Wide Divide  That still Persists To date, there are still areas and people who are still in the dark when it comes to technology, especially in the global south. Technology promised universal access but delivered a new form of inequality. In many parts of the world, digital connectivity remains a privilege. While some scroll through infinite content, others struggle to get basic internet access. This divide isn’t just about technology – it’s about opportunity, education, and fundamental human potential. Potential Solutions The solution to this is not rejecting technology, that is highly impossible since it has gone beyond the ends of this world and has become ingrained in our lives. The solution lies on: The digital age presents a dicey landscape where technology simultaneously threatens and at the same time enhances human rights. There can be a balance if we harness technological potential while mitigating its risks. Governments need to work hand in hand with technology companies, civil society organizations, and individual citizens to create a digital ecosystem that respects, protects, and fulfills human rights.

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Cultural Exchange and the Creative Economy: How Migrants Shape Art and Culture

— by maibrahimblog In the ever-evolving tapestry of our global community, the threads of cultural exchange have become the lifeblood of the creative economy. Like a symphony of diverse voices, the stories and experiences of migrants have the power to transform how we perceive and appreciate art, music, and literature. Introduction Migration, like most things, has existed since the existence of the earth. If you have any religious sentiments, the first created human, Adam, and his counterpart, Eve, were the first migrants; from the Garden of Eden to earth. On the other hand, if you are without religious inclinations, then the Primates (the first evidence of humanity), the ancestors of current humans, moved per the requirements of their needs. The needs of Primates during  “the Miocene Epoch were characterized by major global climatic changes … that led to more seasonal conditions …  stimulated novel adaptations involving locomotion” (Britannica 2024). Migration is the relocation of people from one place to another either permanently or temporarily: “Since the earliest times, humanity has been on the move. Some people move in search of work or economic opportunity, to join family, or to study. Others move to escape conflict, persecution, or large-scale human rights violations. Still others move in response to the adverse effects of climate change, natural disasters or other environmental factors” (UN 2024). The Role of Migrants in Creative Industries “The current global estimate is that there were around 281 million international migrants in the world in 2020 … which equates to 3.6 percent of the global population” (IOM 2024). Typical of any creation, whether human or animal; migrants tend to move with their personal effects, in other words, their culture. These cultural effects; arts, storytelling, writing, language, drama, food, religion, music, dance, oral traditions, laws, capabilities, habits, symbols, architecture, etc are transported and wholly practiced or practiced in part or adulterated with cultures of the new place of settlement. Currently, migrants transmit culture and arts through the creative economy. Fostering Inclusivity in the Creative Economy The term creative economy is relatively new. Thus it is not exactly defined: “In some countries, the definitions revolve closely around the arts and culture. Other countries have broader definitions that include, for example, food and gastronomy on the basis that food and cuisine have both economic and cultural significance” (Newbigin, 2012). “There is no single definition of creative economy, and the different definitions usually overlap” (UNEN, 2024). However, the creative economy which is at the heart of the creative industry ( “ the cycles of creation, production, and distribution of goods and services that use creativity and intellectual capital as primary inputs” (UNEN, 2024) ) can be defined as making innovative use of cultural aspects with (or without) technology for economic gains. Thus the United Nations Economist Network (UNEN, 2024), says “The creative economy (also known as the orange economy) is an evolving concept based on the contribution and potential of creative assets to contribute to economic growth and development. It embraces economic, cultural, and social aspects interacting with technology, intellectual property, and tourism objectives.” “By 2024, the global creative economy market could reach $1T” (Sokolova, 2012). Economic Contributions of Diverse Artistic Perspectives The question is, “How do migrants shape arts and culture through the creative economy?” Through art, food, music, writing, fashion, language, sense of humour (comedy/stand-up comedy), etc migrants have been shaping cultures; and currently increasingly with the help of content creators and bloggers. A few cultural aspects that have become the subject of cultural exchange and the creative economy are visual arts, performing arts, and literary arts. Arts fall under culture. It encompasses visual arts (paintings, drawings, filming, architecture, etc), performing arts (music, dance, theatre), and literary arts (fiction, drama, poetry, prose). The UN Peace Window by Marc Chagall. Marc Chagall is among the notable visual artists in the world. He was born Moishe Shagal. He was of Jewish ancestry born in part of the Russian Empire (currently Belarus) in July 1887. He influenced French culture with (his modernist art ideology containing Jewish folklore) the establishment of the Ecole de Paris, stained glass windows for Notre-Dame de Reims Cathedral, Metz Cathedral, Fraumünster in Zürich, windows for the UN, Art Institute of Chicago, the Jerusalem Windows and a large-scale painting for the Paris Opera (Wikipedia, 2024). Music & dance Jazz and hip hop (rap) are among the well-known American music genres in the world. These two music art forms are very much like the Takamba of Mali and the appellations accompanied by the fomtomfrom of the Ghanaian drum, respectively. Thus these musical forms are believed to have been transferred by enslaved Africans to the Americans. The Ghanaian fontomfrom drum “The elements that make jazz distinctive derive primarily from West African musical sources as taken to the North American continent by slaves, who partially preserved them against all odds in the plantation culture of the American South” (Britannica, 2024). Ballet/Dancing en pointe (on toe) is a precise dance originating from Italy. It was transported to France when Catherine of Medici of Italy married the French King Henry II;  “From Italian roots, ballets in France and Russia developed their own stylistic character. By 1850 A ballet troupe. Russia had become a leading creative center of the dance world, and as ballet continued to evolve, certain new looks and theatrical illusions caught on and became quite fashionable” (Atlanta Ballet, 2024).  Salsa from Eastern Cuba, is another dance form that has been transported through migration. Food Pizza, spaghetti, and cheese were originally Italian foods that were world favourites. They are among the Italian cultures delivered to the world through migration. Pizza is a flat-round dish made from dough etymologically from “Pitta”, Greek for baked dough. It has become part of the world’s favorite foods. It originated in Gaeta (then part of the Byzantine Empire), Italy in 997 AD (Wikipedia, 2024). Yoghurt is another dairy product conveyed through migration from Turkey;  “Its first known appearance was during the Neolithic period (around 5,000 BC) in Mesopotamia. That makes yogurt well over 7,000 years old! It’s believed that,

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